Abstract
Recent development of Enlist corn allows the use of 2,4-D choline (Enlist One), glyphosate (Roundup PowerMax), glufosinate (Liberty), and aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOPs) herbicides for controlling grass and broadleaf weeds. However, volunteer Enlist corn plants can cause infestation in subsequent Enlist E3 soybean (resistant to 2,4-D, glyphosate, and glufosinate) in areas where a corn-soybean rotation is commonly practiced. The main objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of cyclohexanedione (DIMs) herbicides alone or in tank-mixtures with Enlist One for Enlist corn control in Enlist E3 soybean. A field study was conducted in the 2020 growing season at the Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center (KSUARC) near Hays, KS. Enlist corn hybrid DKC62-53 was planted at 17,420 seeds/a on May 13, 2020. Enlist E3 soybean variety P30T92E was planted at 152,000 seeds/a in a perpendicular direction to corn on May 20, 2020. Herbicide treatments, including clethodim (Select Max) and sethoxydim (Poast Plus) were tested alone or in tank-mixtures with Enlist One as early POST (EPOST, 8- to 12-inch tall corn), or late postemergence (POST) (12- to 30-inch tall corn). Results indicated that Select Max applied EPOST alone provided an excellent, season-long control (95 to 99%) and highest biomass reduction (up to 100%) of volunteer Enlist corn in Enlist E3 soybean. However, volunteer corn control was significantly reduced when Enlist One was tankmixed with Poast Plus. Volunteer corn control was low to moderate (50–85%) with all late postemergence (LPOST) programs tested. Soybean grain yield did not differ among EPOST treatments (39 to 44 bu/a), while grain yield was significantly lower (~ 34 bu/a) for LPOST treatments. These results suggested that the EPOST application of Select Max and Poast Plus can effectively control volunteer Enlist corn infestation in Enlist E3soybean. However, adding Enlist One could compromise the efficacy of Poast Plus herbicide.
Highlights
Herbicide-resistant (HR) crops have provided growers flexibility for weed management
Results indicated that Select Max applied EPOST alone provided an excellent, season-long control (95 to 99%) and highest biomass reduction of volunteer Enlist corn in Enlist E3 soybean
Soybean grain yield did not differ among EPOST treatments (39 to 44 bu/a), while grain yield was significantly lower (~ 34 bu/a) for late postemergence (LPOST) treatments
Summary
Herbicide-resistant (HR) crops have provided growers flexibility for weed management. HR corn comprises 90% of the total corn production, and HR soybean comprises 94% of the total soybean production in the United States. The increased adoption of HR corn resulted in volunteer HR corn being a problem for soybean production in areas where a corn-soybean rotation is practiced. Enlist crop technologies are new stacked traits developed by Corteva Agriscience. Enlist E3 soybean can tolerate 2,4-D choline (Enlist One), glyphosate (Roundup PowerMax), and glufosinate (Liberty); whereas Enlist corn can tolerate aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOPs) herbicides in addition to 2,4-D, glyphosate, and glufosinate.
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