Abstract
Copper and selenium are trace elements essentially needed for the expression and activity of a number of important and rate-limiting human enzymes. Among the Cu-dependent proteins are the bilirubin, lysyl and catechol oxidases, the endocrine relevant enzymes dopamine-beta and peptidyl-glycine mono-oxygenases and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. In serum, Cu is mainly transported by hepatically-derived ceruloplasmin (CP). Se is needed for the expression of selenoproteins including the deiodinases implicated in thyroid hormone (TH) activation and inactivation, the glutathione peroxidases needed for the physiologically controlled degradation of peroxides and the thioredoxin reductases controlling the intracellular redox status. Se is transported by selenoprotein P (SePP), a tightly controlled Se-containing serum protein and Se biomarker. In rodents, we have previously observed a stringent regulation of hepatic CP and SePP expression by TH. Now, we tested whether TH also affect serum Se and Cu concentrations in healthy humans.
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