Abstract

Abstract Transplants were set on 28 May at the Mountain Horticultural Crops Research Station, Fletcher, NC. Plants were set 12 inches apart within 25 ft rows, and rows were on 3.5 ft centers. Double-row plots (50 plants) were separated by a single untreated row, and treatments were in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Insecticide applications were begun at an infestation level of 50% plants infested with any lepidopterous larvae. Applications were made on 13, 24 Jun, 2, 9, 23 Jul, and 1 Aug. All applications were made with a C02 backpack sprayer operating at 50 psi and delivering 50 gal/acre through three hollowcone nozzles per row. The nozzles were arranged on the spray wand with one overhead and two drop nozzles. Rainfall was frequent during this trial with 4.7 inches in Jun and 8.2 inches in Jul. DBM, ICW, and CL populations were monitored by observing 10 plants per treatment, both at 3 and 7 DAT, and recording the total number of each species found. The 3 and 7 DAT counts, as well as the total season counts were analyzed. The plots were harvested on 6 Aug, and quality ratings were determined by rating 20 heads per treatment (80 total) on a scale of 0-5; 0 = no damage, 1 = minimal frame leaf damage, 2 = significant frame leaf damage + minimal wrapper leaf damage, 3 = significant wrapper leaf damage, 4 = head damage, and 5 = severe damage. Ratings of 0-2 were considered marketable and 3-5 were non-marketable.

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