Abstract
The formation of coke during the large-scale processing of hydrocarbons is largely unwelcome. Not only does it represent a loss of product but it also leads to decreased heat transfer and to blockage. At high temperatures, carburization of metallic materials can occur, leading to catastrophic failure. The origins of different types of coke are discussed, and coke deposition is shown to be a balance between coke formation and coke removal. Carburization can occur when coke is deposited on metal surfaces. Means of minimizing coking and carburization are considered in terms of the operating parameters open to control and in terms of choice of materials. If coke does accumulate, the means of coke removal are presented, with particular attention being focused on the need to control carefully the conditions of decoking.
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