Abstract
We realized highly underdoped Bi-2212 crystals by using a Bi substitution into a Sr site ( x ), together with the excess oxygen ( δ ) control. The samples with x = 0–0.3 were grown by a traveling solvent floating zone method. For each x , δ was varied using the precision annealing method [1] . Under several assumptions, the effective Bi valence was evaluated to be +2.2, which is much lower than the formal valence +3. This indicates that the Bi substitution accompanies additional uptake in excess oxygen. The x dependent δ -doping level p relation and the observed shrink in the c -axis length are consistent with this assumption. Based on the decomposition phase diagram obtained in this study, T c of 22 K was realized by careful annealing treatments. The samples showed a superconducting volume fraction of over 50%.
Published Version
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