Abstract
Microgrids (MGs) have become an integral part of smart grid initiatives for future power system networks. Networked microgrids consist of several neighbouring microgrids connected in a low/medium distribution network. The primary objective of a network is to share surplus/shortage power with neighbouring microgrids to achieve mutual cost-effective operation, utilising green energy from renewable energy resources in the network and increasing the reliability of customer service. This article classifies networked microgrids on the basis of network formation and provides an overview of recent research on control of networked microgrids. In addition, a state-of-the-art review of optimisation methods is provided to solve the energy optimisation problem in networked microgrids. Furthermore, the advantages and challenges of the networked operation of microgrids are presented as for possible research directions in the future.
Highlights
TO NETWORKED MICROGRIDS (MGs)In the last decade, distributed energy resources (DERs) have been integrated into transmission and distribution power networks to reduce the amount of carbon emissions worldwide and to meet the increasing demands of power systems [1, 2]
This article classifies networked MG (NMG) into star, ring and mesh structures based on network formation
A brief discussion of different energy management systems (EMSs) structures used in the energy optimisation of NMGs is demonstrated
Summary
In the last decade, distributed energy resources (DERs) have been integrated into transmission and distribution power networks to reduce the amount of carbon emissions worldwide and to meet the increasing demands of power systems [1, 2]. An MG can be defined as a low-voltage (LV)/medium-voltage (MV) power network that integrates DERs and energy storage systems (ESSs) to create a grid that feeds different loads in the network and can operate in either grid-connected or island mode [4]. The goal of such a network is to provide mutual power sharing with neighbouring MGs to increase the reliability of an MG network and to reduce operational costs. The network enables restoring service to customers after a fault/deficient power condition occurs, efficient use of renewable energy resources (RESs) in the network, providing mutual support in island operation and reducing the burden on the main grid in grid-connected operation. A review of NMGs architecture, control, communication and operation was conducted in [12].
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