Contribution of agricultural machinery to achieve food sovereignty in Yogyakarta special region

Abstract

Optimization and dissemination of the use of agricultural machinery to achieve food sovereignty in Yogyakarta are carried out through a direct assistance program through demonstration plots to farmer groups at three districts from 2017 to 2019. Planting and harvesting with machine were assessed in both technical and economic aspects. Regarding technical aspect, jarwo transplanter and combine harvester are suitable to be developed optimally in an irrigated rice fields that has a soil depth of less than 30 cm. Concerning economic aspect, jarwo transplanter saves labor and speeds up planting time, while combined harvester saves harvesting labor, post-harvest handling and accelerates harvesting process. Rice planting using jarwo transplanter requires 2 labors for planting rice in 7 hours covering a 1-hectare area. It is much more efficient than manual planting which requires 12 labors in 2 days for planting 1 hectares. Combine harvester reduced labor, as 2 people in 6 hours for harvesting 1 hectare of rice, compared to manual harvest which requires the 10 labors in 10 hours for 1 hectare. With labor and time efficiency, the agricultural machine was suggested to support synchronous cropping and harvesting of irrigated rice fields which in the end contributes to food sovereignty achievement.