Abstract
The effects on the ionosphere of powerful O‐mode and X‐mode HF pump waves, modulated 3 minutes on and 1 minute off, were explored. The experiments were monitored using the digisonde and magnetometer located at the HAARP facility. The results show that the virtual heights of the O‐mode sounding echoes shifted down/up as the O/X mode heater was turned on; the ionosphere also moved downward/upward accordingly. Enhanced spread‐F was also observed in O‐mode heater‐on periods. Heater‐induced magnetic pulsation was observed. Its intensity increased progressively in the heater on/off sequence and X‐mode heater was more effective than O‐mode heater in the generation of magnetic pulsation. In the last X‐mode heater‐on period, when the magnetic pulsation reached the highest level, pc 3 pulsations, with increasing intensity were also observed.
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