Abstract
Local field potential (LFP) signals recorded by intracortical microelectrodes implanted in primary motor cortex can be used as a high informative input for decoding of motor functions. Recent studies show that different kinematic parameters such as position and velocity can be inferred from multiple LFP signals as precisely as spiking activities, however, continuous decoding of the force magnitude from the LFP signals in freely moving animals has remained an open problem. Here, we trained three rats to press a force sensor for getting a drop of water as a reward. A 16-channel micro-wire array was implanted in the primary motor cortex of each trained rat, and obtained LFP signals were used for decoding of the continuous values recorded by the force sensor. Average coefficient of correlation and the coefficient of determination between decoded and actual force signals were r = 0.66 and R2 = 0.42, respectively. We found that LFP signal on gamma frequency bands (30–120 Hz) had the most contribution in the trained decoding model. This study suggests the feasibility of using low number of LFP channels for the continuous force decoding in freely moving animals resembling BMI systems in real life applications.
Highlights
All of the aforementioned studies have focused on the decoding of kinematic parameters
In ref. 15, Milekovic et al showed that both types of griping and load forces can be classified based on the spectral information of 100 Local field potential (LFP) channels in two monkeys
They showed that the force applied to individual fingers during object grasping can be continuously decoded from 100 LFP channels
Summary
All of the aforementioned studies have focused on the decoding of kinematic parameters. The monkeys were trained to pull a force sensor and the normalized force (to maximum values of all the trials) was continuously decoded from ECoG signals. Ten epileptic subjects were asked to squeeze a force sensor between their fingers and the applied force was decoded from the ECoG signals. 15, Milekovic et al showed that both types of griping and load forces can be classified based on the spectral information of 100 LFP channels in two monkeys. They showed that the force applied to individual fingers during object grasping can be continuously decoded from 100 LFP channels. We decode the continuous force amplitude from the small number of LFP channels (16) in the M1 region of freely moving rats
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