Abstract
This paper examines the contextual effects of social exchange (SE) and the moderating role of employees’ future time perspective (FTP) on organizational citizenship behavior directed toward both individuals (OCBI) and the organization (OCBO), tardiness, and affective organizational commitment (AC). Reflecting deservingness and entitlement perceptions in employment relationships and drawing on moral licensing principles, socioemotional selectivity theory, and affective events theory, we hypothesize (1) negative main effects between SE climate and OCBI and OCBO, (2) a positive main effect between SE climate and tardiness, (4) cross-level moderating effects of FTP and business unit social exchange on OCBI, OCBO, tardiness, and AC. The results of a multilevel study comprising 240 employees and their direct supervisors in 46 business units provide support for the hypothesized main effects on OCBO and tardiness, as well as all interaction effects except those involving OCBI. We discuss the results, theoretical contributions, and practical implications of the study, in addition to future research directions.
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