Abstract
Different researches showed that contamination of heavy metals in soil has become more and more serious, which affects Both soil fertility degradation and detrimental to human health through food chain causing adverse effects on human health. The concentration of metals beyond Maximum Permissible Level (MCL) leads to number of nervous, cardiovascular, renal, neurological impairment as well as bone diseases and several other health disorders and also computed the macronutrient in the human body. Due to these it needs more attention towards the contamination area using either prevention or minimizing methods of the source of contamination. Different researches mentioned different remediation techniques which involve phytoremediation, lime, phosphates, and different biochar materials. Remediation mechanisms basically consist of two fundamental principles. The first is to completely remove contaminations from polluted area and the second is to transform these pollutants to harmless forms. The application of Biochar in soil makes dual purpose which ameliorating soil fertility and remediated heavy metal due to the content of different physicochemical properties. So in this paper, including source of heavy metal, effect of heavy metal in human, plant growth and soil microorganism and remediation technique of contaminated soil, reaction of biochar in soil and application of biochar in soil quality were discussed. Therefore this is particular importance as it indicates the value of biochar as alternative remediation and amendments to ameliorate soil nutrient and acid soils for small-scale farmers who cannot afford to regularly purchase lime and mineral fertilizers as compared to phytoremediation techniques. But phytoremediation wide scope of area use of plants to partially or substantially remediate selected contaminants in contaminated soil, sludge, sediment, groundwater, surface water, and wastewater.
Highlights
Soil contamination by heavy metals (HMs, e.g. Pb, As, Cd, etc.) has become more and more serious, which makes the soil fertility degradation, crop yield and quality reduction, and endangers human health through food chain causing adverse effects on human health [1]
Level (MCL) leads to a number of nervous, cardiovascular, renal, neurological impairment as well as bone diseases and several other health disorders [3]. Owing to these different remediation techniques follow in order to control heavy metals contamination from soil using physically, chemically and biologically method such as lime, phosphate, silicate, chelating agents and so on
The use of biochar to remove toxic metals from the contaminated site is a promising technology for the remediation of contaminated soil since those remediation materials are new soil conditioner which has characteristics of strong remediation ability, high stability and environmental friendliness [5]
Summary
Soil contamination by heavy metals (HMs, e.g. Pb, As, Cd, etc.) has become more and more serious, which makes the soil fertility degradation, crop yield and quality reduction, and endangers human health through food chain causing adverse effects on human health [1]. Level (MCL) leads to a number of nervous, cardiovascular, renal, neurological impairment as well as bone diseases and several other health disorders [3] Owing to these different remediation techniques follow in order to control heavy metals contamination from soil using physically, chemically and biologically method such as lime, phosphate, silicate, chelating agents and so on. The term biochar refers to the thermal decomposition of any by-products that derived from various biomass residue obtained when plant or animal biomass is subjected to heat treatment in an oxygen-limited environment which possesses good pore structure, large specific surface area and a variety of surface oxygen-containing functional groups [7] and the excellent Physico-chemical characteristics of biochar is useful for adsorption and hold of HMs in soil, and when applied to soil as an amendment It acts as a dual purpose such as retains nutrients for plant uptake, soil fertility, it could be a kind of soil conditioner with great application of view [4]. This review discusses Sources of heavy metals, influence of heavy metal pollutions in soil, and leaving things, remediation techniques of HMs, Remediation technique of biochar and effect of biochar species, Pyrolysis temperature and amount of biochar addition on contaminated soil, outlined through a new Conceptual framework
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