Contact Angle and Cell Adhesion of Micro/Nano-Structured Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Membranes for Dental Regenerative Therapy.

Naoyuki Kaga,Takashi Matsuura,Sho Morita,Yuichiro Yamaguchi,Hiroki Fujimoto

doi:10.3390/dj9110124

Abstract

Biodegradable membranes are used in regenerative dentistry for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR). In this study, patterned poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) membranes with groove, pillar, and hole structures were successfully fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. Their surfaces were evaluated for topography by scanning electron microscopy and laser microscopy, for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity by contact angle analysis, and for MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion. The sizes of the patterns on the surfaces of the membranes were 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 μm, respectively, with the height/depth being 1.0 μm. The pillared and holed PLGA membranes were significantly more hydrophobic than the non-patterned PLGA membranes (p < 0.05). However, the 0.5 μm- and 1.0 μm-grooved PLGA membranes were significantly more hydrophilic than the non-patterned PLGA membranes (p < 0.05). The 0.5 μm-grooved, pillared, and holed membranes exhibited significantly superior adhesion to the MC3T3-E1 cells than the non-patterned PLGA (p < 0.05). These results suggest that patterned PLGA membranes can be clinically used for GTR and GBR in the dental regeneration field.

Highlights

The membranes used in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are either biodegradable or non-absorbable depending upon their material of construction [1,2]
Pillars, and holes were transcribed from the corre the membranes, andthe the surface of each uniformlywas smoothed at the mi- smo branes, and surface ofpattern eachwas pattern uniformly cro/nano scale
We prepared groove, pillar, and hole-patterned poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) membranes by thermal nanoimprinting. Their surfaces were evaluated for topography by scanning electron microscopy and laser microscopy, for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity by contact angle analysis, and for MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The emergence of restoration of alveolar bone lost due to periodontal disease and dental implants is increasing the demand for bone regeneration to combat bone defects. The membranes used in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are either biodegradable or non-absorbable depending upon their material of construction [1,2]. In the case of the latter, a secondary surgery is required for removal, and owing to problems such as damage to regenerated tissue and risk of infection, the use of absorbent membranes has become mainstream in recent years [3]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion