Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury is a severe disorder associated with a high mortality. Several antioxidant and pharmacological properties of cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) and its metabolites from different countries have recently been described. It is a medicinal plant with important therapeutic effects. This study aimed to verify the effect of an oral administration of cashew nuts in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Adult male rats were subjected to intestinal I/R injury by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min and then allowing animals to 1 h of reperfusion. Rats subjected to I/R of the gut showed a significant increase in different biochemical markers. In particular, we evaluated lipid peroxidation, tissue myeloperoxidase activity, protein carbonyl content, reactive oxygen species generation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities. Western blot analysis showed the activation of the NRF2 and NF-kB pathways. Increased immunoreactivity to nitrotyrosine, PARP, P-selectin, and ICAM-1 was observed in the ileum of rats subjected to I/R. Administration of cashew nuts (100 mg/kg) significantly reduced the mortality rate, the fall in arterial blood pressure, and oxidative stress and restored the antioxidant enzyme activities by a mechanism involving both NRF2 and NF-kB pathways. Cashew nuts treatments reduced cytokines plasma levels, nitrotyrosine, and PARP expression as well as adhesion molecules expressions. Additionally, cashew nuts decreased the intestinal barrier dysfunction and mucosal damage, the translocation of toxins and bacteria, which leads to systemic inflammation and associated organs injuries in particular of liver and kidney. Our study demonstrates that cashew nuts administration exerts antioxidant and pharmacological protective effects in superior mesenteric artery occlusion–reperfusion shock.
Highlights
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a severe event induced by trauma, mesenteric ischemia, sepsis shock, and surgical procedure
Superior mesenteric artery occlusion leads to intestinal ischemia, acute renal failure, necrosis of mesenteric artery occlusion leads to intestinal ischemia, acute renalmodels failure,are necrosis of legs, Superior and multiple organ failure resulting in death
I/R injury is a severe form of circulatory shock
Summary
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a severe event induced by trauma, mesenteric ischemia, sepsis shock, and surgical procedure It caused increased intestinal permeability and leads to the release of abundant bacteria and their antigens into mesenteric lymph and circulation producing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and systemic response syndrome (SIRS) [1,2]. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is described to have a critical role in the pathogenesis of I/R injury [9]. It and its target genes are considered as multiple-organ protector thanks to the cytoprotective and antioxidative functions [10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
