Constructions for the Protection of Underground Water against Pollution, in Warehouse Deposit Areas

Abstract

Groundwater pollution can occur from the emission of a pollutant through the soil, which then interacts at biotic and abiotic levels entering the food chain and reaching directly or indirectly to humans. Such a pollutant can be represented by the deposition of household residues. The water infiltrated by these deposits and then by their sole and flanks is an important source of pollution of groundwater with the most serious effects. By virtue of this concept, for the protection of the groundwater in the area of household waste deposits, it is proposed to adopt a “clean technology” for the implementation of complex deposition improvements, which will prevent the appearance of pollutants, initially in the most important urban areas, and for the future generalization of these improvements in other localities. The essential elements of this complex arrangement of household waste depots refer to: the sealing system of the base layer which integrates a safety gallery from which checks and repairs are made; deep sealing walls that do not allow the circulation of the groundwater located below the deposit site so that in case of infiltration of some polluting substances in this area, their area of influence is limited; the sealing system that limits the flow of water infiltrating through the deposits and avoids air pollution with substances resulting from the anaerobic decomposition of household waste. Above the combined sealing system, it realizes a system of streams of granular material of φ 16-32 mm, casts the distance of about 20 m, to capture the infiltration water and to conduct it by gravitational flow spreading collector. For this purpose, the streams will have a minimum slope of 1%.