Abstract
TiO2-based bioceramics have been widely studied because of their biocompatibility, chemical stability, photocatalytic properties, and controllable size and shape. Surface modification techniques for TiO2 have been utilized to enhance its mechanical and biological characteristics for future applications in dentistry, implants, and tissue engineering. In this study, we developed a simplified method for constructing TiO2-based bioceramics coated with Zein and calcium phosphate. The newly synthesized TiO2-based composite material was micro/nano-sized, multilayered, and exhibited a bone-like apatite-grown structure. The proposed modification method enabled the feasible design of materials with natural bone-like components on the surface, thereby facilitating effective osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, improved biodegradability was confirmed by electrochemical anti-corrosion analysis. The successfully prepared materials mitigated some issues related to cytotoxicity and anti-angiogenesis, while simultaneously enhancing cellular interactions. The capability to stimulate angiogenesis in HUVECs and osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells was demonstrated through in vitro tests. Thus, this work presents a simplified and promising coating strategy using zein on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles, followed by optimal bone-like apatite formation, offering potential biomaterials for treating bone defects and traumatic injuries.
Published Version
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