Abstract

Construction of 3D Model of Tunnel Based on 3D Laser and Tilt Photography

Highlights

  • Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is an advanced technology that began to appear in the mid1990s

  • TLS has broken through the traditional measurement method and has the advantages of noncontact, high efficiency, and high precision to obtain 3D point cloud data on the surface of the object, and it has a farreaching development prospect in many fields. 3D laser scanning technology can realize a fast and accurate 3D model construction for various large-scale irregular, complex buildings and environments with insufficient light, which provides an important technical guarantee for complex construction engineering design.(2) Because of the poor lighting conditions in tunnels, narrow internal spaces, and many interference factors, traditional measurement methods have many problems, such as long collection operation time and high labor cost, and it is very difficult to establish a 3D model

  • Earlier research on tunnel measurement mainly used the GPS system as a measurement method to obtain the GPS control network of the tunnel, but it was difficult to generate a 3D model of the tunnel.(20) With the development of 3D modeling technology, the 3D modeling technology of tunnels has been studied by many researchers, such as those whose interests are in 3D laser scanning technology to monitor the tunnel,(21) drones to collect high-definition images of tunnel openings and build tunnel opening models,(22) 3D max software to structure the 3D tunnel models,(23) and simulation technology to construct 3D tunnel visualization models.(24) Table 1 shows the comparison between this study and other tunnel measurement methods

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Summary

Introduction

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is an advanced technology that began to appear in the mid1990s. TLS has broken through the traditional measurement method and has the advantages of noncontact, high efficiency, and high precision to obtain 3D point cloud data on the surface of the object, and it has a farreaching development prospect in many fields. Laser scanning technology frees the acquisition and detection of tunnel spatial information from the traditional bottleneck It has the unique advantages of fast data acquisition, large amount of data acquisition, strong real-time performance, visual processing, clear object texture and details, convenient operation, and so forth.(3) These features will be widely used in the 3D reconstruction of various architectural fields, especially in the area of tunnel modeling. The research results show that the laser scanning technology is effective in the construction of the 3D tunnel model, and that the combination of laser scanning and tilt photography improves the quality of the model and has made a certain breakthrough in the field of architecture

Tunnel Data Acquisition
Preprocessing of Point Cloud Data
Data extraction and filtering
Point cloud data registration
Tunnel surface fitting
Transformation of coordinate system
Extraction of Spatial Information
Extraction of central axis
Drawing of 2D section
Combination of 3D Models
Generating the tilt model of tunnel
Methods
Comparison with other measurement methods
Conclusion

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