Abstract
In designing foundation, there are three fundamental requirements namely: ultimate limit state (ULS), serviceability limit state (SLS), and economics. Generally, the ULS and SLS are the focus of the design process, while the cost factors are not explicitly considered. This paper deals with the three requirements with the minimum construction cost as the controlling objective. A wide range of sand density conditions are considered, while the typical ULS and SLS design checks available in the literature are employed. The optimization tool used is the Solver add-in function available in MS-Excel™. The effects of different construction cost structures in four Indonesia's provinces are examined in this paper. The purpose of this research is to be able in designing the shallow foundation with 3 aspects consideration at once, namely ULS, SLS and economic. On the other hand, this research is to analyse the sensitivity's factor which influence the design, namely work unit price, soil properties and design's requirements.
Highlights
In designing shallow foundation there are at least three fundamental requirements that need to be fulfilled, namely: ultimate limit state (ULS), serviceability limit state (SLS), and economics
This paper presents an optimization approach with Solver add-in function available in MS-ExcelTM that explicitly accounts for the ULS, SLS, and economics requirements as the controlling objective and ensures an economically optimized design
By doing optimization with solver on Microsoft Excel, it can be shown as well as the ULS design calculation's result which relates with factor of security, SLS design calculation’s which relates with foundation settlement, and cheapest foundation construction price
Summary
In designing shallow foundation there are at least three fundamental requirements that need to be fulfilled, namely: ultimate limit state (ULS), serviceability limit state (SLS), and economics. It is necessary to have a design approach that is explicitly able to consider economic aspects to construct foundations with low cost. By doing optimization with solver on Microsoft Excel, it can be shown as well as the ULS design calculation's result which relates with factor of security, SLS design calculation’s which relates with foundation settlement, and cheapest foundation construction price. The output of this method is in the form of optimum design based on ULS's and SLS’s requirements that is needed. The foundation construction minimum cost is obtained from the work unit price's calculation to foundation optimum design
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