Abstract
Licorice, the root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralansis Fisch, is one of the most frequently used Traditional Chinese Medicines in rigorous clinical trials to remove toxins and sputum, and to relieve coughing. However, the aerial parts are not used so widely at present. It has been reported that the aerial parts have many bioactivities such as anti-microbial and anti-HIV activities. In this study, we aimed to discover the bioactive compounds from the leaves of G. uralensis. Four new compounds, licostilbene A-B (1–2) and licofuranol A-B (3–4), together with eight known flavonoids (5–12), were isolated and identified from the leaves of G. uralensis. Their structures were elucidated mainly by the interpretation of high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data. Compared with quercetin, which showed a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 4.08 μg/mL, compounds 1–9 showed significant anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production with IC50 values of 2.60, 2.15, 3.21, 3.25, 2.00, 3.45, 2.53, 3.13 and 3.17 μg/mL, respectively. The discovery of these active compounds is important for the prevention and treatment of inflammation.
Highlights
Licorice is a perennial herb of the genus Glycyrrhiza, mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia in China
Several compounds have been identified in the aerial parts, including 75 flavonoids, 16 dihydrostilbenes and 18 amino acids [10]
Compounds 1–9 were tested for their nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities in the process of inflammation, and quercetin was used as a positive control
Summary
Licorice is a perennial herb of the genus Glycyrrhiza, mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia in China. Republic of China contains G. uralensis, G. glabra and G. inflata as medicinal materials Their roots and rhizomes are the medicinal parts, which mainly contain triterpenoids and flavonoids. The underground part of licorice has been used for the treatment of many diseases for a long time in China. Several compounds have been identified in the aerial parts, including 75 flavonoids, 16 dihydrostilbenes and 18 amino acids [10]. 2019, 24, 1923 aerial parts, including 75 flavonoids, 16 dihydrostilbenes and 18 amino 2acids of 10. The inhibition of NO production is important for the treatment of. The inhibition of NO production is important for the treatment of inflammation and complications.
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