Conséquences et prédiction des lésions musculaires des ischiojambiers à partir des paramètres isocinétiques concentriques et excentriques du joueur de football professionnel

Abstract

Objective.– To know if isokinetic parameters identify previous hamstring (H) injury and predict a new muscle injury in high-level soccer player. Method.– Concentric (con) and eccentric (ecc) isokinetic torque was measured at the angular speed of 60°/s in 28 elite soccer players (23 years ± 3.3; 74 kg ± 7.5; 178 cm ± 6.5). First, 11 players, victims of 15 moderate or major hamstring injuries in the preceding 2 years, were compared with 17 players without previous hamstring injury. Comparisons were carried out from isokinetic knee flexors–extensors ratios [H(con)/Q(con) and H(ecc)/Q(con)] and bilateral knee flexors ratios [H(con)/H(con) and H(ecc)/H(ecc)]. Secondly, all the population was followed during 12 months and the isokinetic muscular profile of players who presented a recurrence or a new hamstring muscle injury was analysed. Results.– A concentric ratio hamstring-to-quadriceps lower than 0.6 and a hamstring asymmetry of more than 10% do not allow to identify previous hamstring injury. On the other hand, the mixed ratio eccentric hamstring-to-concentric quadriceps lower than 0.6 represents the best indicator (probability: 77.5%). The rate of recurrence is 30% (three cases of 10) and the rate of new hamstring muscle injury is 31% (five cases of 16) ( P > 0.05). One of the five injured soccer players presented a concentric ratio hamstring-to-quadriceps lower than 0.6 and no player presented a mixed ratio lower than 0.6. However, four of the five injured players presented a concentric and an eccentric asymmetry. But, it is the strongest side, which presented a new hamstring muscle injury. Conclusion.– The mixed ratio eccentric hamstring-to-concentric quadriceps lower than 0.6 identify a previous hamstring injury despite the resumption of competitive soccer. However, this ratio and the others isokinetic studied parameters do not predict a recurrence or a new hamstring muscle injury.