The prognostic value of the hamstring outcome score to predict the risk of hamstring injuries

P.A Van De Hoef,M.S Brink,N Van Der Horst,M Van Smeden,F.J.G Backx

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2021.01.001

Abstract

ObjectivesHamstring injuries are common among soccer players. The hamstring outcome score (HaOS) might be useful to identify amateur players at risk of hamstring injury. Therefore the aims of this study were: To determine the association between the HaOS and prior and new hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players, and to determine the prognostic value of the HaOS for identifying players with or without previous hamstring injuries at risk of future injury. DesignCohort study. MethodsHaOS scores and information about previous injuries were collected at baseline and new injuries were prospectively registered during a cluster-randomized controlled trial involving 400 amateur soccer players. Analysis of variance and t-tests were used to determine the association between the HaOS and previous and new hamstring injury, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated the prognostic value of the HaOS for predicting new hamstring injuries. ResultsAnalysis of data of 356 players indicated that lower HaOS scores were associated with more previous hamstring injuries (F=17.4; p=0.000) and that players with lower HaOS scores sustained more new hamstring injuries (T=3.59, df=67.23, p=0.001). With a conventional HaOS score cut-off of 80%, logistic regression models yielded a probability of hamstring injuries of 11%, 18%, and 28% for players with 0,1, or 2 hamstring injuries in the previous season, respectively. ConclusionsThe HaOS is associated with previous and future hamstring injury and might be a useful tool to provide players with insight into their risk of sustaining a new hamstring injury risk when used in combination with previous injuries.

Highlights

The hamstring outcome score (HaOS) can be used to screen players at risk of hamstring injuries, based on symptoms, soreness, pain and symptoms during activities, and quality of life
We found that lower scores on the HaOS and more hamstring injuries in the past were associated with new hamstring injuries
The prognostic value of the HaOS increased when it was used in combination with information about the number of previous hamstring injuries

Summary

Introduction

The HaOS can be used to screen players at risk of hamstring injuries, based on symptoms, soreness, pain and symptoms during (sport-specific) activities, and quality of life. We found that lower scores on the HaOS and more hamstring injuries in the past were associated with new hamstring injuries. The prognostic value of the HaOS increased when it was used in combination with information about the number of previous hamstring injuries. Hamstring injuries are the most common muscle injuries in soccer[1] and can be responsible for a long absence from playing and have a high recurrence rate.[1] Recurrent hamstring injuries result in a longer absence from playing and require more extensive and longer rehabilitation.[2] game-demands have changed in the past decade,[3] hamstring injury incidence has increased annually,[4] even though the FIFA11+ and the Nordic Hamstring

Objectives

Results

Conclusion