Consolidation of EU Renewable Energy Policy: Renewable Energy Directive (RED)

Abstract

This chapter traces the agenda-shapingAgenda-shaping, formulation, and adoption of the 2009 renewable energy directive (REDRenewable energy directive (RED)), which was a follow-up on the RES-E directive and the landmark policymakingPolicymaking instance in consolidating EU renewable energy policyRenewable energy policy. The REDRenewable energy directive (RED) established EU’s post-2010 targets for renewable energy. Section 5.1 presents a brief overview of the post-RES-E directive challenges and developments leading up to the revised REDRenewable energy directive (RED). The next five sections trace the elaboration and adoption of the directive by looking at the five causal factors to expound the causal mechanism that resulted into binding renewable energy targets—a step forward in vertical integrationVertical integration, however, came short of the harmonized support schemeSupport schemes for renewable energy—a failed attempt in horizontal integrationHorizontal integration.