Abstract
GPS and strong-motion sensors are broadly used for the monitoring of structural health and Earth surface motions, focusing on response of structures, earthquake characterization and rupture modeling. Several studies have shown the consistency of the two data sets within at certain frequency (e.g., 0.03<f<0.2Hz). The compatibility of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) GPS and strong-motion data was assessed by comparing their respective displacement waveforms for several frequency bands (f<0.3Hz). For this purpose, there are used GPS and strong-motion records of the Mw9.0 Tohoku 2011 earthquake at 23 very close spaced sites and conclude that the agreement between the two datasets depends on the frequency of the excitation, the direction of the excitation signal and the distance from the excitation source.
Highlights
The consistency of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) GPS with strong-motion time-series have never been fully tested for oscillations in a wide range of frequencies such those generated by a seismic source
Further analysis of the coherence was made based on the angle of each site, which is formed by the epicentre-site direction relatively to the west (Table 1)
The later might be due to the complexity of the seismic signal, which is caused by the large rupture surface and the two potential location of rupture (Suzuki et al, 2011; Koketsu et al, 2011)
Summary
Structural health monitoring of structures at high-rate (i.e. up to 4Hz; Panagiotakos and Fardis, 1999) were supplemented by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS; Psimoulis et al, 2008; Psimoulis and Stiros, 2008; Penucci et al,. 2009; Sadan et al, 2013); itself recently improved by the introduction of high-rate GNSS measurement noise modeling (Moschas and Stiros, 2013), the more sophisticated processing algorithms (Psimoulis and Stiros, 2012; Wang and Rothacher, 2013) and the inclusion of the time-stamping of observations (Psimoulis and Stiros, 2013). Because of its real-time capabilities, the accuracy of PPP displacement time-series might be decreased temporarily or even not sufficient to match the accuracy seismic sensors at long-periods Such effort aims at i) assessing the displacement drift characteristic due to the double integration of acceleration records (Wang et al, 2003), ii) estimating the error propagation law explaining partly the accumulated error leading to the drift (Stiros, 2008), iii) quantifying the clipping of the strongmotion sensors (Clinton and Heaton, 2003) and iv) combining GPS and accelerograph to obtain single broadband displacement time series (Wang et al, 2007)
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