Considerations Regarding the Relation Between Meadow and Animal in Baisoara Commune

Abstract

The mountains formed of the oldest times an environment inhabited by the humans. (All over the European mountains, mountain people have ensured that feed in the first place by agriculture focused on the animal husbandry especially ruminants. Increasing cattle, sheep and goats has been widespread concern in Europe with accents and northern temperate climate zones. Pastures have a very important role in mountain agriculture and are characterized mainly by small structures and low input systems. After 1990 the management of grassland systems in Romania has undergone of many important changes. This situation is mainly caused by the decreasing number of animals and by the diminished interest of people responsible on its management. In this tendency we can include the natural landscape of Apuseni Mountains, on which we focused all our attention and which, in fact represents the object of our study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of mountain grassland reported of grazing capacity (grassland belongs to Baisoara commune, Apuseni Mountains) under the influence of the management applied, the level of anthropogenic and tradition influence. For these purposes, studies aimed to determine the floristic structure, the evolution of livestock and demographic tendency have been conducted. Vegetation study was made using Braun- BlanquA©t method. With the results obtained, vegetation coverage degree and grazing capacity were determinate and the direction in evolution of vegetation cover was established. For these we used data regarding the number of animals, as well as data about agricultural surfaces and demographic evolution. These were taken from the Agricultural Registers of BAƒisoara commune (data related to the number of animal and agricultural surfaces) and from The National Institute of Statistics (data about demographic evolution). The obtained results showed a close relationship between grassland status and the number of animals, which led us to the conclusion that the level of intensification of the crop system determines the direction of evolution.