Abstract

This study reviews the debate concerning socioeconomic impacts of established areas on local populations. On one side, there are those who defend the idea that areas may assist in poverty reduction by generating alternative sources of income, and on the other hand, those who argue just the opposite, due to the eminent expropriation of the land. Thus, the relationship between areas and poverty is evaluated through development indexes (Human Development Index and Gini Coefficient) and by contrary assumptions. Through a disaggregated analysis method of strict protected and sustainable use, the proposal was to evaluate, in the context of Brazilian Cerrado, if the presence of areas has influence on the local social conditions, and which protection methods have the greatest effect. In this evaluation, it was verified that despite the heterogeneity of income distribution, the municipalities with integrally areas of indirect-use have higher values of human development than those of direct-use.

Highlights

  • Since the mid-nineteenth century, with the creation of the world’s first national park - Yellowstone - protected areas have been one of the most frequently used strategies to contain the advance of environmental degradation (ADAMS et al, 2004; BRUNER et al, 2001; RODRIGUES et al, 2004).Some authors, embodying the preservation perspective, argue that the creation of protected areas may assist in poverty reduction by generating higher local income (ANDAM et al, 2010; BINI; DINIZ-FILHO, 2004)

  • By evaluating only the raw data of protected areas, one could unadvisedly conclude that all municipalities with protected areas presence (1) have worse social conditions in terms of health, education, and standard of living

  • By disaggregating the data according to the protected areas groups, it was noted that the DU were responsible for low Human Development Index (HDI) levels from the previous treatment, since the HDI of municipalities with DU units is significantly lower than those with IU units

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Summary

Introduction

Since the mid-nineteenth century, with the creation of the world’s first national park - Yellowstone - protected areas have been one of the most frequently used strategies to contain the advance of environmental degradation (ADAMS et al, 2004; BRUNER et al, 2001; RODRIGUES et al, 2004).Some authors, embodying the preservation perspective, argue that the creation of protected areas may assist in poverty reduction by generating higher local income (ANDAM et al, 2010; BINI; DINIZ-FILHO, 2004). Since the mid-nineteenth century, with the creation of the world’s first national park - Yellowstone - protected areas have been one of the most frequently used strategies to contain the advance of environmental degradation (ADAMS et al, 2004; BRUNER et al, 2001; RODRIGUES et al, 2004). 2000; GHIMIRE; PIMBERT, 1997; PRETTY; SMITH, 2004; ROE; ELLIOTT, 2004). Facing this conundrum, the Brazilian National Conservation Unit System (SNUC), classifies protected areas into two groups: “sustainable use” and “strict protected areas”. The Brazilian National Conservation Unit System (SNUC), classifies protected areas into two groups: “sustainable use” and “strict protected areas” Such areas may be divided, respectively, due to the manner in which the natural resources are used. In accordance to these assumptions, this evaluation intends to investigate the socioeconomic context of protected areas, providing understanding of the relationship between biodiversity conservation and poverty

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