Conscious choice of profession as the dominant motive of studying at the university

Abstract

Introduction. Highly qualified specialists with higher education are the basis of the economy of any modern state. The choice of a future profession by an individual is an important process for the individual and society. Regardless of the type of competition, resources (time, money) for the training of an expelled student or graduate who does not work by profession are spent inefficiently. Reducing negative consequences is impossible without identifying the reasons for expulsion or employment not in the specialty. Therefore, issues related to the choice of profession, motivation for training and professional activity are relevant. The purpose of the study: to identify the types of students with a high risk of expulsion based on several criteria, including the quality of career guidance. Methodology and methods of research: Theoretical and methodological foundations of research are systemic and institutional approaches. 551 students studying in various fields of study at Perm National Research Polytechnic University (277 girls and 274 boys) took part in the survey. Methods of mathematical statistics: correlation analysis, analysis of conjugacy tables, typological analysis, criterion χ2. The results of the study confirm the relationship between the passage of career guidance measures and the independence of choosing a future profession (r = 0.709). The study allowed us to construct a typology of students according to the criteria of work plans and the availability of career guidance. There are 4 types of respondents: "professionally oriented", "self-determined", "disappointed" and "mistaken". The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the criteria for identifying groups with a high risk of leaving the university, specific to the Russian sample of students, have been identified. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the data obtained for timely identification of risk groups among students of different courses and carrying out comprehensive measures to reduce the risk of expulsion.