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Abstract
Breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have shared risk factors and mechanisms of pathogenicity, as proven by increased cardiac risk in breast cancer patients receiving anticancerogenic therapies and in cancer survivors. A growing mammary tumor may cause heart injury in cancer patients who have not yet been treated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation of female rats with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced cancerogenesis on fatty acids (FAs), conjugated FAs (CFAs), malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol and oxysterols content in cardiac tissue. FAs, cholesterol and oxysterols contents were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, while the contents of CFAs and MDA were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode detection. Our results indicate that both CLA supplementation and the presence of tumors influence the lipid biomarkers of CVD. A significant interaction of both experimental factors was observed in the content of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), n-6 PUFAs and CFAs. CLA supplementation significantly inhibited PUFA oxidation, as evidenced by the lower content of MDA in rats’ hearts, while the cancerous process intensified the oxidation of cholesterol, as confirmed by the elevated levels of 7-ketocholesterol in DMBA-treated rats. These results may significantly expand knowledge about CLA properties in terms of the prevention of co-existing non-communicable diseases.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer are considered to be the major causes of death worldwide [1]
The present study clearly shows that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation can modify the fatty acids (FAs) accumulated in cardiac tissue and significantly inhibit polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) oxidation, while the cancerous process intensified the oxidation of cholesterol
Though the precise mechanism of how CLA isomer supplementation affects the heart in cases of DMBA exposure is still only anticipated, the results of present experiment may contribute to better explanations
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer are considered to be the major causes of death worldwide [1]. About 18 million of people die from CVD [2], while, in 2018, there were 18 million new cases of cancer and approximately 10 million cases of cancer deaths worldwide [1,3]. These disorders share this disgraceful leadership—they are intrinsically linked via common risk factors, chronic inflammatory states and cardiac and vascular toxicities of chemo and radiotherapy [4,5,6].
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