Abstract
With the increasing share of renewable energy resources in the microgrid, the microgrid faces more and more challenges in its reliable operation. One major challenge is the potential congestion caused by the uncoordinated operation of flexible demands such as heat pumps and the high penetration of renewable energy resources such as photovoltaics. Therefore, it is important to conduct microgrid energy management to ensure its reliable operation. The energy storage system (ESS) scheduling as an efficient means to alleviate congestion has been widely used. However, in the existing literature, the ESSs are usually scheduled by the microgrid system operator (MSO) in a direct control manner, which is impractical in the case where customers own ESSs and are willing to schedule ESSs by themselves. To resolve this issue, this study proposes a network reconfiguration integrated dynamic tariff–subsidy (DTS) congestion management method to utilize ESSs and network reconfiguration to alleviate congestion in microgrids caused by renewable energy resources and flexible demands. In the proposed method, the MSO controls sectionalization switches while customers or aggregators schedule ESSs in response to DTS to alleviate congestion. The DTS calculation model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model, considering heat pumps (HPs), ESSs, and reconfigurable microgrid topology. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively use ESSs and network topology to alleviate congestion and the MSO does not need to take over the scheduling of the ESS.
Highlights
To deal with energy shortage and environmental pollution issues, renewable energy resources, such as wind power and solar power, have been extensively integrated into the microgrid
The congestion management effectiveness of the proposed congestion management method is validated in case 1 with two scenarios
The benefit of combining network reconfiguration and dynamic tariff–subsidy (DTS) to alleviate congestion is demonstrated in case 2 with two scenarios
Summary
To deal with energy shortage and environmental pollution issues, renewable energy resources, such as wind power and solar power, have been extensively integrated into the microgrid. The focus is on the microgrid because it might be the final link between the electricity grid and end-users and has significant impacts on the continued electricity supply. It is critical to ensure the reliable operation of the microgrid with high penetration of renewable energy resources (Omar and Hamdan, 2018). The increasing penetration of renewable energy resources introduces great challenges to the microgrid operator. One major challenge is the potential congestion problem caused by the Congestion Management of Microgrids uncoordinated power consumption of flexible demands or the production of renewable energy resources, such as photovoltaics (PVs) (Huang et al, 2014). The DR can be considered as a program designed to change the electricity consumption patterns of end-users in response to electricity price changes or given incentives The DR programs can be classified into two types: 1) incentive-based DR programs and 2) price-based DR programs
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