Abstract
The emergence of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is expected to be an important step toward achieving safety and efficiency in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). One important requirement of safety applications is that vehicles are able to communicate with neighboring vehicles, with very low latency and packet loss. The high mobility, unreliable channel quality and high message rates make this a challenging problem for VANETs. There have been significant research activities in recent years in the development of congestion control algorithms that ensure reliable delivery of safety messages in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of congestion control approaches for VANET. We identify the relevant parameters and performance metrics that can be used to evaluate these approaches and analyze each approach based a number of factors such as the type of traffic, whether it is proactive or reactive, and the mechanism for controlling congestion. We conclude this paper with some additional considerations for designing V2V communication protocols and interesting and open research problems and directions for future work.
Highlights
Without doubt, vehicular safety is an important problem in modern society
Transmission collision due to simultaneous sending; lower signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) caused by the interference from single/multiple hidden stations; packet dropped locally due to the failure of medium access; lower SINR caused by the nearby transmitting stations
Update delay is defined in [30] as the elapsed time between two consecutive Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs)/BSMs successfully received from the same transmitter, which aims to assess the awareness of vehicle from a communication perspective
Summary
Vehicular safety is an important problem in modern society. Each year, nearly. A key requirement of V2V communication is the reliable delivery of safety messages. These messages are typically broadcast to neighboring vehicles using DSRC/WAVE technology, based on CSMA/CA in the media access layer. The single-hop based safety messages broadcasting in VANET has completely different requirements compared to the multi-hop communication in MANETs. congestion control in VANET becomes even more challenging due to the high node mobility and channel fading constraints. This paper will give a comprehensive overview of the requirements, performance metrics and current approaches for designing a congestion/awareness control protocol for V2V communication.
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