Congenital heart diseases among patients with Down syndrome consulting cardiology unite in Alsader Teaching Hospital in Basrah

Mazin A Hazza

doi:10.33762/mjbu.2017.125289

Abstract

Aim of the study: This study is aimed to assess the types and the frequency of congenital heart disease among patients with Down syndrome (DS). Patients & methods: Sixty-five patients with DS collected from echocardiographic department in Basrah cardiology center at Alsader Teaching Hospital and a private clinic were evaluated by echocardiography from February 2009 to August 2013. Results: Their ages range from 6 months to 25 year. Of 65 patients with DS diagnosed clinically, 89% have CHD and 11% have normal heart. Most of the cases were isolated congenital heart disease (CHD).Ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonic stenosis (PS) and atrial septal defect (ASD) were the commonest isolated CHD respectively while tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and single ventricle was the commonest complex CHD in DS. Conclusion: This study had concluded that CHD are common in DS and most of the cases are amenable for surgical corrections.

Highlights

[11] Independent and intersecting approaches to identify the genes for congenital heart diseases (CHD), that associated with Down syndrome (DS), have included mapping genes known to be involved in cardiac development and studying rare individuals with CHD and partial duplications of chromosomes 21.[12]. In this descriptive study 65 patients with DS were studied by Doppler echocardiography to evaluate the frequency and the type of CHD among patients with DS, in order to plan how we can help such patients
This descriptive study included 65 patients with DS, that diagnosed clinically and referred for echocardiographic examination at Aleihab private clinic and Alsader Teaching Hospital, 30 patients were male and 35 were female. 20 (31%) of those patients their mothers age were more than 40 year at time of delivery and 45 (69%) their mothers age at time of delivery were less than 45 year
(Table-2), shows the cause of referral to the echocardiographic department, this table shows that 10(15.4%) of patients was referred for routine checking, 12(18.5%) patients were referred for assessment for the cause for recurrent chest infections, 24(37%) patient referred for explanation of central cyanosis and 19(29.1%) patient were referred for explanation of a murmur

Summary

Introduction

Down syndrome (DS) is one of the important problem in our society, it is the most common chromosomal disorder,[1,2] with variable clinical presentations patients. [4] The incidence of DS varies from 1:650 to 1:1000 live births all over the world; the recorded incidence was variable from area to area. [5] The congenital heart diseases (CHD) is including short stature, typical odd face, mental the most common presentation account for 40 to retardation, endocrine abnormalities, 60%,[7] while leukemia and gastrointestinal gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular defects, hematological abnormalities and skeletal abnormalities.[1,3] DS considered as commonest cause of moderate mental retardation, defects are present in 1% and 12% respectively.[5]. [4] Cardiac defects in DS are most of the patients with DS are trainable the major cause of mortality in the first two MJBU, Vol 35, No.1, 2017. [11] Independent and intersecting approaches to identify the genes for CHD, that associated with DS, have included mapping genes known to be involved in cardiac development (none of which localized to chromosome 21) and studying rare individuals with CHD and partial duplications of chromosomes 21.[12] In this descriptive study 65 patients with DS were studied by Doppler echocardiography to evaluate the frequency and the type of CHD among patients with DS, in order to plan how we can help such patients. DS was diagnosed clinically with their typical clinical features Whenever it was feasible, karyotyping was done for the patients. All collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 15 statistical software

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Conclusion