Abstract
Introduction: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder affecting hematopoietic stem cells. The specific cytogenetic abnormality is translocation (9; 22) which leads to the BCR-ABL fusion gene. Methods: We did a bone marrow aspiration in our laboratory of haematology of university hospital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Antananarivo. We studied myelogram and compared its result to the cytogenetic result. Results: Men were the most affected by this pathology and diagnostic average age was 51.2 years. Splenomegaly leukocytosis and myelemia were often present. Myelogram showed granulocytic hyperplasia and the t (9; 22) were present in all the patients. Conclusion: Diagnosis is based on data from the NFS, the myelogram, the search for the Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL fusion gene. These specialized techniques are still inaccessible for Malagasy patients.
Highlights
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder affecting hematopoietic stem cells
We studied myelogram and compared its result to the cytogenetic result
It is associated with a specific chromosomal marker: the Philadelphia chromosome (Phl) characterized by the genetic abnormality which is a reciprocal translocation between the long arm of chromosome (9q) and the long arm of chromosome (22q), denoted by: t (9; 22) (q34.1; q11.2) and its molecular equivalent: BCR-ABL rearrangement, found in bone marrow cells of 95% of patients [2]
Summary
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder affecting hematopoietic stem cells. Conclusion: Diagnosis is based on data from the NFS, the myelogram, the search for the Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL fusion gene These specialized techniques are still inaccessible for Malagasy patients. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative syndrome associated to the clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cell, leading to primarily myeloid expansion [1]. It is associated with a specific chromosomal marker: the Philadelphia chromosome (Phl) characterized by the genetic abnormality which is a reciprocal translocation between the long arm of chromosome (9q) and the long arm of chromosome (22q), denoted by: t (9; 22) (q34.1; q11.2) and its molecular equivalent: BCR-ABL rearrangement, found in bone marrow cells of 95% of patients [2]. Michael et al 920 disease, tyrosine kinase constitutively active produced by the BCR-ABL fusion gene generated by ph chromosome, stimulates a hyperproliferative myeloid cells that preserve their ability to differentiate [3]
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