Abstract
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein is widely used to fabricate antifouling coatings for nanobiotechnology applications. Numerous BSA protein options are commercially available and obtained through different purification methods, however, there is no guidance on which ones are preferable for antifouling coatings. Herein, we investigate the real-time fabrication of antifouling coatings composed of BSA proteins obtained through different purification methods, and report significant differences in ultrathin film coating properties and ability to mitigate serum biofouling and to prevent nanoparticle-induced immune reactions. Mechanistic studies unravel the source of these performance variations, which are related to some BSA proteins containing fatty acid stabilizers while other BSA proteins are fatty acid-free depending on the purification method. Fatty acid-free BSA proteins exhibit greater conformational flexibility and less charge repulsion, which allow them to form more rigidly attached and tightly packed coatings on flat surfaces and nanoparticles that result in superior application performance.
Highlights
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein is widely used to fabricate antifouling coatings for nanobiotechnology applications
We scrutinize the fabrication of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based antifouling coatings from BSA proteins obtained through different purification methods, and comprehensively investigate BSA conformational and adsorption properties on flat and nanoparticle surfaces in order to identify key mechanistic factors that drive the formation of high-performance ultrathin film coatings with superior antifouling properties
Our evaluation strategy focused on characterizing the conformational, adsorption, and antifouling properties of six BSA proteins purified through different methods (Fig. 1b)
Summary
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein is widely used to fabricate antifouling coatings for nanobiotechnology applications. Numerous BSA protein options are commercially available and obtained through different purification methods, there is no guidance on which ones are preferable for antifouling coatings. We investigate the real-time fabrication of antifouling coatings composed of BSA proteins obtained through different purification methods, and report significant differences in ultrathin film coating properties and ability to mitigate serum biofouling and to prevent nanoparticle-induced immune reactions. We scrutinize the fabrication of BSA-based antifouling coatings from BSA proteins obtained through different purification methods, and comprehensively investigate BSA conformational and adsorption properties on flat and nanoparticle surfaces in order to identify key mechanistic factors that drive the formation of high-performance ultrathin film coatings with superior antifouling properties
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