Cone beam computed tomography evaluation of staged lateral ridge augmentation using platelet‐rich fibrin or resorbable collagen membranes in a randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract

To evaluate the volumetric changes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous bone graft covered by either a platelet-rich fibrin membrane (test group) or an inorganic bovine bone substitute and a resorbable collagen barrier membrane (control group). A total of 27 partially edentulous patients (test n=14, control n=13) with the indication for lateral bone block augmentation were included in this randomized, controlled clinical trial. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination was performed prior to grafting and 2weeks and 6months after grafting. The volumetric changes between the various examinations times were evaluated by planimetric measurements on two-dimensional CBCT images of the grafted regions. The mean bone volumetric loss in the test group was 14.7%, SD ±8.9%, while the mean bone volume loss in the control group was 17.8%, SD ±13.3%. This difference was not significant (p=0.48). A total of ten patients were operated in the incisor and canine region with a mean bone volume loss of 23.41% SD, ±10.87%, while 17 patients were operated in the premolar region with a mean bone volume loss of 11.89% SD ±9.05%. This difference was significant (p=0.01). The test and control group demonstrated no overall difference in volumetric bone changes of the augmented bone at the 6-month follow-up. The second major finding revealed a significantly larger amount of bone resorption in the incisor and canine region than in the premolar region of the maxilla, particularly in the control group.