Radiographic outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous tooth roots

Puria Parvini,Didem Sahin,Frank Schwarz,Jürgen Becker,Robert Sader

doi:10.1186/s40729-018-0142-6

Abstract

BackgroundTo assess and compare the radiographic outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous tooth roots (TR) and autogenous bone (AB) blocks.MethodsIn a total of 30 patients, lateral ridge augmentation was conducted in parallel groups using either (1) healthy autogenous tooth roots (e.g., retained wisdom or impacted teeth) (n = 15) or (2) cortical autogenous bone blocks harvested from the retromolar area. Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans taken at 26 weeks of submerged healing were analyzed for the basal graft integration (i.e., contact between the graft and the host bone in %) (BI26) and the cross-sectional grafted area (mm2) (SA26).ResultsBoth groups revealed a comparable clinical width of the alveolar ridge at baseline (CWb). Mean BI26 and SA26 values amounted to 69.26 ± 26.01% (median 72.44) and 22.07 ± 12.98 mm2 (median 18.83) in the TR group and 79.67 ± 15.66% (median 78.85) and 12.42 ± 10.11 mm2 (median 11.36) in the AB group, respectively. Between-group differences in mean SA26 values were statistically significant (p = 0.031). Linear regression analysis failed to reveal any significant correlations between BI26 and CWb/SA26 values in either group.ConclusionsTR grafts may be associated with improved SA26 values following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation.Trial registrationDRKS00009586. Registered 10 February 2016.

Highlights

To assess and compare the radiographic outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous tooth roots (TR) and autogenous bone (AB) blocks
Mean CWb and Graft thickness (GT) values were comparable in both groups and amounted to 4.53 ± 1.54 mm and 5.66 ± 1.75 mm in the TR group and 5.26 ± 1.25 mm and 4.96 ± 1.75 mm in the AB group, respectively
Radiographic performance endpoints Mean SA26 values were 12.42 ± 10.11 mm2 in the AB group and amounted to 22.07 ± 12.98 mm2 at the TR-treated sites

Summary

Introduction

To assess and compare the radiographic outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous tooth roots (TR) and autogenous bone (AB) blocks. Autogenous bone (AB) blocks harvested from intraoral donor sites (i.e., retromandibular, chin) are the most commonly used procedure for lateral alveolar ridge augmentation [1]. AB blocks are prone to a rapid degradation and commonly combined with contour augmentation procedures using slowly resorbing particulate grafts and barrier membranes [5]. Recent experimental studies have focused on the use of extracted tooth roots (TR) as an alternative scaffold to support bone regeneration at non-self-contained lateral alveolar ridge defects. Various outcome measures based on histological, immunohistochemical, and micro-computed tomographic analyses did not significantly differ between differently conditioned TRs (i.e., healthy, endodontically treated non-infected, periodontally diseased) and retromolar AB grafts [4, 6, 7]. The median bone-to-implant contact (BIC) values at 3 weeks following implant placement ranged from 36.96 to 50.79% in the TR group and from 32.53 to 64.10% in the AB group [4]

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Conclusion