Abstract
The article considers the benefits of growing salmon fish in ponds, pools, cages, as well as in lakes and reservoirs in comparison with natural conditions. The main countries producing salmon fish in the world are analyzed. The share in gross production in the world is about 48 %, and in Ukraine is about 7 %. The quality and nutritional value of salmon fish is confirmed by the high market price. The main countries producing salmon fish in the world are analyzed. The share in gross production in the world is about 48%, and in Ukraine it is about 7%. The quality and nutritional value of salmon fish is confirmed by the high market price. The relevance of salmon fish breeding is substantiated, it allows for a relatively short period of time (up to 2 years) to obtain fish with a market weight of up to 3.0 kg The state of salmon cultivation in Ukraine is considered, about 1,500 tons of salmon are marketed annually. The need for the production of compound feeds for salmon fish in relation to natural feed is substantiated. Compound feed expenses per 1 kg of salmon fish mass increase in relation to wild fish feed expenses are presented. The need for salmon fishes for nutrients and biologically active substances for the manufacture of nutritious compound feeds, due to the production of high quality salmon, is presented. The types of compound feeds, their advantages and saving of feeding are presented. Technological methods for the production of compound feeds for salmon fish are analyzed, such as dry or wet granulation, extrusion, briquetting, compound feed production by knurling, microencapsulation of granules and paste-like compound feeds. Ready-made feed should be balanced, waterresistant, have reduced fragility, feed costs for fish growth should be minimal and have increased fish productivity. All types of feed should be completely eaten by fish, absorbed as much as possible, not secrete dyes, not lead to liver obesity, provide fish with a balanced amount of nutritious and biologically active substances. The state of domestic feed mills for the production of high-quality feed for salmon fish is analyzed. Because of it, in order to the advent of new recipes and methods of feeding, the technology for the production of animal feed for these fish species is being improved.
Highlights
Fish is a source of unsaturated fatty acids, which improve metabolism, help eliminate excess cholesterol
The prerequisite for the effective cultivation of full-fledged commercial fish in industrial fish farming is the use of high-quality balanced feed
The significance of the problem of feeding fish as one of the main ways to intensify the fish breeding process is related to the fact that artificial feeding is a completely controllable factor: formulation, form of feed, method of manufacture and distribution of feed, determining its productive qualities
Summary
Fish is a source of unsaturated fatty acids, which improve metabolism, help eliminate excess cholesterol. The possibilities of the oceans are declining, aquaculture is actively developing, that is, fish farming under controlled conditions using advanced technologies. In a number of countries, the volume of farmed fish approaches the volume caught from natural reservoirs, and sometimes even exceeds it [2]. Among the various forms of fish farming, industrial has the greatest potential for rapidly increasing production volumes. The success of this form of fish farming largely depends on the balance and quality of the feed. In recent years, the world has been actively developing the fish feed production [2]. A significant portion of salmon is supplied to Country
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