Abstract
Lending is a main instrument of bank institutions’ influence on the development of economy and its subjects. The aim of the paper is to analyze the condition of entrepreneurial subjects lending by the bank system, especially agrarian enterprises, and separation of main restraining factors of its development. During 2017-2020 there is observed an essential reduction of volumes of medium-term and long-term credits, given to entrepreneurial subjects. The use of short-term credits for less than 1 year, the most specific weight (80.5 %) of which is possessed by microentrepreneurial subjects with annual income less than 50 thousand euro, prevails. It has been established, that high cost of credit resources, absence of correspondent guarantee and insufficient competitiveness of most entrepreneurial subjects prevent the development of credit relations for all participants (borrowers, creditors and state).
 Agricultural economy that produces more than 12 % of GDP and provides more than 40 % of Ukrainian currency receipts, demonstrates positive financial results of activity, is really underfinanced at the expanse of bank credits. A share of credits, directed to the agrarian sector during last years, is essentially less than the contribution of the branch in the gross added value formation in the country. A bank credit policy, acceptable for all entrepreneurial subjects and directed on credit cost decrease and long-term lending increase, is necessary. Studies of the influence of arrangements in the AIC by reduction of credit prices on effective indices (pure profit of agrarian enterprises) has testified a close connection (R=0,9803), comparing with other factors, that is why the practice of using the preferential lending mechanism must be continued, but by stable, not continuously changing approaches and by direct state support of just small and medium entrepreneurial subjects, which are most limited in access to credit resources of bank institutions.
Highlights
Credit support of the real sector of economy by bank institutions is an important impulse for augmenting production volumes, its effective development, financial potential growth, increase of their competitiveness and achievement of strategic goals of all economic subjects, especially enterprises of the agrarian economic sector with specific branch peculiarities of business realization
The most widespread and available organizational forms of economic activity in the world practice are small and medium entrepreneurial subjects, which activation conditions the progress of modern society and is a sign of growing economy of the market type under conditions of globalization processes intensification and their influence on bank lending of such subjects
We describe and assess the assortment of P2P lending systems, offered to small and medium enterprises (SME) in several countries, taking into account different regulation regimes
Summary
The development of credit activity of bank institutions must be a key element of economic growth that has the direct influence on state sovereignty support and realization of its national interests under conditions of globalization processes [1].Credit support of the real sector of economy by bank institutions is an important impulse for augmenting production volumes, its effective development, financial potential growth, increase of their competitiveness and achievement of strategic goals of all economic subjects, especially enterprises of the agrarian economic sector with specific branch peculiarities of business realization.The most widespread and available organizational forms of economic activity in the world practice are small and medium entrepreneurial subjects, which activation conditions the progress of modern society and is a sign of growing economy of the market type under conditions of globalization processes intensification and their influence on bank lending of such subjects.economic sources [2] underline the role of “global diversification in determining both price and credit condition price and show that its advantages exceed costs and generate more favorable credit conditions”. The development of credit activity of bank institutions must be a key element of economic growth that has the direct influence on state sovereignty support and realization of its national interests under conditions of globalization processes [1]. Credit support of the real sector of economy by bank institutions is an important impulse for augmenting production volumes, its effective development, financial potential growth, increase of their competitiveness and achievement of strategic goals of all economic subjects, especially enterprises of the agrarian economic sector with specific branch peculiarities of business realization. Conclusions as to “the lag of bank system globalization from one of non-financial companies” have been made, corporative globalization offers banks an economically effective way to diversify their loan portfolios at the international level, because “such diversification can increase bank tolerance to each credit and to decrease risk acceptance cost, resulting in more stimulus for banks to realize monitoring functions”
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