Abstract
The Coolant Purification Systems (CPSs) is one of the most relevant ancillary systems of European Helium Cooled Lead Lithium (HCLL) and Helium Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) Test Blanket Modules (TBMs) which are currently in the preliminary design phase in view of their installation and operation in ITER.The CPS implements mainly two functions: the extraction and concentration of the tritium permeated from the TBM modules into the primary cooling circuit and the chemistry control of helium primary coolant.During the HCLL and HCPB-TBSs (Test Blanket Systems) Conceptual Design Review (CDR) in 2015 it was recognized the need of reducing the tritium permeation into the Port Cell #16 of ITER. To achieve this and, then, to lower the tritium partial pressure in the Helium Cooling Systems in normal operation, the helium flow-rate treated by each CPS has been increased of almost one order of magnitude.In 2017, to satisfy the CDR outcomes and the new design requirements requested by Fusion for Energy (F4E, the European Domestic Agency for ITER), ENEA performed a preliminary design of the “enhanced” CPSs.This paper presents the current design of the “enhanced” CPSs, focusing on design requirements, assumptions, selection of technologies and preliminary components sizing.
Highlights
The Coolant Purification Systems (CPSs) for both the European Test Blanket Modules (TBMs) concepts [1] has the roles to extract the permeated tritium from the primary cooling circuit, routing it in a suitable form to the downstream tritium processing systems and to keep controlled the coolant chemistry by removing gas impurities and adjusting the oxidation potential of the coolant by proper addition of H2 and H2O
The CPS for both the European TBM concepts [1] has the roles to extract the permeated tritium from the primary cooling circuit, routing it in a suitable form to the downstream tritium processing systems and to keep controlled the coolant chemistry by removing gas impurities and adjusting the oxidation potential of the coolant by proper addition of H2 and H2O. It has to ensure the implementation of the Helium Cooled Lead Lithium (HCLL) and Helium Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) TBS safety function and to provide confinement to tritiated helium and other radioactive species possibly contained in the process fluid
One of the main outcomes of the Conceptual Design Review (CDR) has been the mandatory need to strongly reduce the tritium permeation rate from the TBSs piping into the Port Cell #16, acting on one of the main contributors to the global tritium permeation into this area, the pipes of the HCLL and HCPB Helium Cooling Systems (HCSs)
Summary
The CPS for both the European TBM concepts [1] has the roles to extract the permeated tritium from the primary cooling circuit, routing it in a suitable form to the downstream tritium processing systems and to keep controlled the coolant chemistry by removing gas impurities and adjusting the oxidation potential of the coolant by proper addition of H2 and H2O. It has to ensure the implementation of the HCLL and HCPB TBS safety function and to provide confinement to tritiated helium and other radioactive species possibly contained in the process fluid. The higher helium flow-rate has requested an updated sizing of the CPS components, the oxidizers, the PTSA columns, the reducing beds and the heat exchangers
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