Abstract
Dyes having desired light absorption can be designed on the basis of five simple, generally valid colour rules within the framework of the triad theory. To engineer dyes having desired relative positions of their frontier molecular orbital (FMO) energies, perturbational molecular orbital (PMO) theory proves to be useful provided that ideal polymethinic fragments are taken as basic structures to be perturbed instead of the hitherto used hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon ions.
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