Abstract
On October 1, 1949, Mao Tse-tung proclaimed the People’s Republic of China. Three decades after his conversion to Marxism he had at last gained control over China. Mao’s rise had been fought not only by opponents of the Communist Party but also by orthodox Marxists. More or less at the same time as Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek (successor to the founder and chairman of the bourgeois Nationalist Party, Kuomintang (KMT), Sun Yat-sen) was conducting his “supression campaigns against the Mao Tse-tung bandits,” Li Li-san and Wang Ming, who in the early 1930s were the main leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), were attacking Mao as a “right opportunist” and as having a “conservative peasant consciousness.”1
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