Abstract
<p>In this article we study the problem of language contacts, the current state of some theories concerning the linguistic loans. For this purpose, the works of many scholars have been our basis for analysis; among them there are French and other European scientists, scholars of the post-Soviet period. We found that the contacts cause the mixture of languages despite the language borders. The various social events, nomadic life, campaigns and the military services, trade, cultural exchange and other factors favor linguistic loans.</p><p>In this article we considered and studied different conceptions of matter “language contact”. We also approached, studying the opinions of scientists on the matter of linguistic borrowing of the structurally related and remote languages. The issue of bilingualism has been studied and studies allowed us to conclude about the different possibilities of the typology of bilingualism:</p><p>a) the linguistic typology of bilingualism;</p><p>b) the sociolinguistic typology of bilingualism;</p><p>c) the typology psychological bilingualism.</p><p>This article does not pretend to fully reflect all theories that exist on linguistic borrowing.</p>
Highlights
In the development of many languages of the mankind there exist a number of extra linguistic and intra linguistic factors
In this article we study the problem of language contacts, the current state of some theories concerning the linguistic loans
The analysis of the linguistic literature makes it possible for us to say that the term “borrowed word” is a term having many plans and many branchess of entering the borrowed structure of a foreign language which has borrowed the word and the result of this processes
Summary
In the development of many languages of the mankind there exist a number of extra linguistic and intra linguistic factors. It is clear that since the formation of human society, the people were in interrelation with one another in the form of collectives-tribes, dynasties, peoples and nations, they set up relations with one another and continuously these relations developed In these relations being sometimes in the form of sometimes struggles and wars, trade, and culture etc and in attitudes among the people played a main role. As many peoples of the world, French people too, being in close relations and attitudes with different peoples of the world in different levels, from the languages of these peoples, thousands of words passed into the French language This process, being one of the main factors in the enrichment of the lexics of the French language, at present too is continuously going on. Words having transferred from the other languages, partially lose some of the characteristics of the original languages in the atmosphere of the new language and accept some of the features of the language into which they enter some of them even change so much that they assume unrecognizable form
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