Abstract
Abstract Camera resectioning is the process of finding the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the pinhole camera model. A mobile X-ray device (C-arm) can be represented with the pinhole camera model. The C-arm parameters can be determined with a parametrization device and the direct linear transformation (DLT) algorithm. We present the conception process of a parametrization device and further optimizations of the DLT algorithm. The evaluation of the parametrization quality is carried out with an inverse registration approach on a testing device. The seven landmarks in the testing device are compared on an X-ray image and a digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR). The average distance of the corresponding landmarks between imaging modalities is 2.5 pixels. This deviation indicates an adequate design of the parametrization device for a 2D/3D registration in minimally invasive surgery.
Highlights
In minimally invasive surgery, a patient’s 3D pre-operative modality, such as a CT-Scan, is registered with the patient’s position and orientation within the operating room (OR)
After running the direct linear transformation (DLT) algorithm, the average distance between the corresponding landmarks is about 35.7 pixels
The averaged focal length values of the AP (0°) and LAT (90°) projections taken from Figure 2 are used as constraints to optimize the coordinates of the fiducials during the calculation of the C-arm parameters with the DLT algorithm [6]
Summary
A patient’s 3D pre-operative modality, such as a CT-Scan, is registered with the patient’s position and orientation (pose) within the operating room (OR). A common approach is the 2D/3D registration, which uses an intra-operative modality as an X-ray
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