Abstract
In the literary artistic process of Kazakhstan, where bilingualism is observed, the image of the city is interpreted from different points—the urban and traditional. The basic concept of “steppe”, displaying the key concepts of the national mentality, are based on the peculiarities of the geographical area, natural resource use, lifestyle of the Kazakh people, a way of managing economy. Urbanistic processes that changed the space of Kazakhs led to certain changes in the perception of the world, its evaluation. This is related to changes in the national consciousness, which was formed over thousands of years of nomadic life. Therefore, in the mentality of poets who preserved the spirit of the nomads, the city is represented in two ways, opposed to the steppe, embodying all the best in the behavior, character and emotional sphere of the people.
Highlights
Kazakhstan, is a country of nomads in the past that have fallen to the urban way of life in the twentieth century, under the Soviet civilization
Urbanistic processes that changed the space of Kazakhs led to certain changes in the perception of the world, its evaluation
In the mentality of poets who preserved the spirit of the nomads, the city is represented in two ways, opposed to the steppe, embodying all the best in the behavior, character and emotional sphere of the people
Summary
Kazakhstan, is a country of nomads in the past that have fallen to the urban way of life in the twentieth century, under the Soviet civilization. For various reasons (closest proximity to Russia geographically, common history with a unified political system, the relocation of many people in Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan is a country within the linguistic and cultural space of which bilingualism coexists. In this regard, an important place in the literary artistic process belongs to both poets and writers writing in their native Kazakh language and bilingual writers speaking Kazakh and Russian languages, reflecting perceptions and understanding of contemporary life and culture from different angles—urban and traditional. A defining print is imposed by a source, namely nomadic lifestyle (Gachev, 2002), and this is a philosophical outlook on life, courage (required in the defense of one’s space), breadth of the soul, respect to any person, interrelatedness of man and the world, perception of man as a particle of the universe, the cult of the word (sozge toktau—when akyns, poets compete, one who notices the superiority of his opponent stops aitys), freedom of speech (both nobleman and common people could talk to khan), communication
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