Abstract
The CNES Balloon Division recently designed a new type of open-neck stratospheric balloon with a long-duration flight capability. The main feature of this new concept is that it ensures a stable flight level under all conditions, during day and night, without the need to release ballast. The approach adopted is to cover the top of the balloon envelope with an insulating “cape” corresponding to 3% of the total envelope area under daytime conditions. As the balloon descends after sunset, its volume decreases while the proportion of the gas bubble (i.e. the part of the envelope in direct contact with the inflation gas) covered by the cape increases to 50%. Even under the most adverse radiative conditions, this configuration produces a sufficient improvement in the balloon's heat budget to ensure a stable float altitude in the lower stratosphere. As soon as the sun rises, the balloon ascends to its daytime float altitude, making it possible to repeat a large number of day-night cycles. If one assumes that flight duration is limited only by gas diffusion through the envelope, this type of balloon should be able to remain aloft for up to three weeks.
Published Version
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