Abstract
The article describes possibilities of computer modeling of fire resistance for structures in high-rise buildings, which include new fire-resistant plaster compositions. As an example of program complex, “Sofistik” (Germany) was chosen for the calculation of reinforced concrete structures of tier buildings. The characteristics of fire protection compounds and their regulation, which are usually used, also are shown. According to the new code “Highrise buildings and complexes. Fire safety requirements”, limits of fire resistance for walls of not less than 240 minutes. Skyscraper “Lakhta center” with a height of 462 m and limits of fire resistance of load-bearing reinforced concrete structures 180 and 240 minutes is built up in Russia. The article investigates the means of fire protection in the business center. Moreover, modern form of cladding in Mada Residences building (Dubai, UAE) is concerned to make some conclusions about future fire resistant solutions.
Highlights
High-rise buildings and multifunctional complexes are divided into fire compartments by their functional purpose, floor area, and the total height of the building
The required parameters of fire resistance of building structures are defined depending on its purpose, height, and value of the combustible load
Sand-cement plaster with thickness 25-60 mm, which is applied on the steel mesh, is used to increase fire resistance limit of metal structures up to 2 hours or more
Summary
High-rise buildings and multifunctional complexes are divided into fire compartments by their functional purpose, floor area, and the total height of the building. These programs, mainly, are based on international development “Fire Dynamic Simulation” (USA, Finland), in which the models for computation of smoke spread time and heat transition value These program complexes can be used for calculating the thermal gradient in various building areas in order to define the heat degree of building constructions. The American program complex “Ansys” can calculate a full-fledged model of the structure, based on fire resistance parameter, at any point of the building Since this software package is considered to be one of the most expensive and difficult to use, for simpler tasks (such as calculating the fire resistance of individual load-bearing elements) it is more rational to use such a program as “Abaqus”, “Cype”, “Elcat”, “Sofistik”, etc. Skyscraper “Lakhta center” with a height of 462 m and limits of fire resistance of load-bearing reinforced concrete structures 180 and 240 minutes is built up in Russia
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