Computational characterization of millimetre-wave heat exchangers with an AlN:Mo susceptor of multiple cylindrical elements

Abstract

A concept for a millimetre-wave (MMW) heat exchanger (HX) featuring AlN:Mo ceramic composite structures as electromagnetic absorbing elements (susceptors) has been recently introduced as a receiving device in power beaming applications. Earlier computational studies of electromagnetic and thermal processes have shown reasonable energy efficiency and exceptional uniformity of MMW-induced temperature fields in a single cubic susceptor with concentration of Mo doping on the level of 3–4% by volume. As part of ongoing research, a MMW HX comprised of an array of cylindrical susceptors is proposed to potentially enable increased robustness against thermal stress and reduced manufacturing cost. In this paper, we computationally study the effects driven by such a change and demonstrate feasibility of the designs based on multiple cylinders. We present the output of electromagnetic and coupled electromagnetic-thermal simulations of a prospective physical prototype of a HX with five cylinders on a square metal base plate. Three alternative layouts with four, nine, and sixteen cylindrical elements that are suggested by the highest density packing of equal circles in a square are also analyzed. It is shown that, in comparison with the previously studied case of a single cubic susceptor, energy efficiency of all systems with Mo = 3–4% is down from 50–55% to 35–45%. While temperature distribution within each individual cylinder remains highly uniform, maximum temperatures of different cylinders may be different by up to 30–40 °C; when the angle of incidence deviates from normal, this difference further increases: e.g. when the angle is 10°, in the sixteen-cylinder system, it may reach 120–130 °C.