Abstract
Activity measurements of 131I in the thyroid gland are influenced by a series of geometrical and individual anatomical factors, represented by the overlying tissue thickness (OTT), the thyroid volume, the neck-detector distance (NDD) and the detector displacement. The comprehensive evaluation of measurement uncertainty was performed by using the simulations of particle passage and the Monte Carlo method. Additionally, the measurement uncertainties in three typical 131I measurement scenarios (the measurement of nuclear accident emergency workers, nuclear medicine practitioners and patients treated with radioactive 131I) were also discussed. The results showed that the contribution of different sources to the overall measurement uncertainty varied across different scenarios. The uncertainty of counts will dominate measurement uncertainty with low activity and large NDD, while the uncertainty of efficiency will replace it under the rest conditions. Several strategies also emerged from the results, including correcting individual OTT, extending counting time appropriately and optimizing NDD. For instance, the correction of OTT would reduce the uncertainty from 25% to 7.7% (k = 1) in a presumptive measurement of nuclear accident. In summary, this study provides deeper insight into the measurement of 131I using a portable detector and has significant implications for the selection of optimal measurement parameters.
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