Comprehensive liamocin biosurfactants analysis by reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric and charged-aerosol detection.

Abstract

Liamocin biosurfactants and structurally related exophilins secreted by the Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) strain NRRL62031 were firstly analyzed by hyphenation of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Ten different analytes were detected and identified by their accurate masses and divided into subclasses according to their different head groups: three liamocins with arabitol as head group, three mannitol liamocins, and four exophilins. A baseline separation of congeners within the subclasses was achieved by reversed phase HPLC on a C18 stationary phase, whereas an overlap of subclasses occurred. The structures were simultaneously confirmed by online tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments in positive and negative ionization mode. The assigned polyol head groups and thus the feasibility of this method were confirmed by gas chromatography (GC)-MS data obtained after hydrolysis and derivatization of the liamocins. Based on the varying structural characteristics of liamocins, e.g. the polyol head group (or even none for exophilins) and the degree of acetylation, different detector response in LC-MS was expected, impairing relative quantification of congeners. Therefore, a complementary quantification method was developed using HPLC coupled to charged-aerosol detection (CAD), which allows the determination of the amount of the individual liamocin species without authentic liamocin standards. Hence, the here presented hyphenated techniques facilitate comprehensive analysis of liamocin biosurfactants.