Comprehensive evaluation of eco-environmental resources in the main grain-producing areas of China

Abstract

By evaluating the eco-environmental resources of China's major grain-producing regions, the development status of the eco-environmental resources in major grain-producing regions of China was clarified. This is of great significance in maintaining green and sustainable agricultural development and ensuring food security. This paper takes 13 major grain-producing regions in China as the study area, constructs the eco-environment index system by using the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR). The average annual growth rate represents the dynamic changes of each indicator, and the random forest model by using Jupyter Notebook is selected to evaluate the current state of development of the eco-environment resources from 2005 to 2020. The combination of dynamic and static evaluation of the eco-environmental resources is more conducive to decision makers to keep abreast of developments in the eco-environmental resources. The results show that: Firstly, there are differences between static and dynamic conditions that more number of important indicators in static conditions than in dynamic conditions, and the number of important indicators located at the driving force criterion level is higher. Secondly, under static conditions, the evaluation results of eco-environmental resources show an overall upward trend (4.10 in 2005 and 4.65 in 2020); under dynamic conditions, the evaluation results of eco-environmental resources show an overall downward trend (4.35 in 2005 and 4.13 in 2020). Thirdly, there are differences in spatial distribution. Under static conditions, the spatial distribution of regional eco-environmental resource levels is generally “high in the north and low in the south”, while under dynamic conditions, it is “high in the south and low in the north”. Finally, according to the different important indicators in the north and south, the northern region should develop plans to increase the penetration rate of agricultural mechanization and improve the efficiency of water resources utilization, while the southern region should pay more attention to the development of green agriculture, accelerate the construction of urbanization, and improve the efficiency of water resources utilization.