Comprehensive Assessment of Exclusive Breastfeeding: Insights into Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Lactating Mothers at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Hoima District: A High-Impact Analysis

Abstract

This research aimed to rigorously evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning exclusive breastfeeding among lactating mothers attending Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH). Employing a quantitative descriptive research design, the study meticulously selected mothers seeking medical attention for their infants at HRRH, adhering to rigorous selection criteria. A sample size of 208 subjects participated, comprising lactating mothers with infants aged between 0-6 months, utilizing a self-administered structured questionnaire to gather comprehensive data on exclusive breastfeeding behaviors. The data collected underwent meticulous analysis utilizing Statistical Analysis Software (STATA) version 10. Results revealed that a majority of the participants were aged between 25-29 years (30.8%) and had attained secondary education (38.5%), with an employment status predominantly as employed individuals or peasants (38.5%). The study cohort primarily resided in urban areas. Among the 208 lactating mothers, a significant proportion (61.5%) initiated breastfeeding within the first hour after birth, with the mode of delivery significantly influencing this initiation, favoring normal deliveries. However, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding exhibited a decline over subsequent months. Assessment of knowledge demonstrated that over 80% of mothers possessed substantial knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding, with a small percentage (5%) exhibiting poor knowledge. In terms of attitude, 74.4% expressed comfort and acknowledged exclusive breastfeeding as superior to artificial feeding, yet 40.9% reported feelings of shyness while breastfeeding. Interestingly, a positive correlation between higher education levels and a favorable attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding was observed. Overall, the study revealed a generally commendable level of knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning exclusive breastfeeding among lactating mothers attending Hoima Regional Referral Hospital. However, a notable finding was the significant decline in exclusive breastfeeding prevalence observed from the first month following initiation. Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, Breast milk, Infants, Lactating mothers.