Abstract
Three cryptic species, which were previously reported as Nidirana adenopleura, are revealed on the basis of comprehensive approaches. Nidirana guangdongensis Lyu, Wan, and YY Wang, sp. nov. is distributed in Nanling Mountains and southern Luoxiao Mountains, Nidirana mangveni Lyu, Qi, and YY Wang, sp. nov. is known from northern Zhejiang, and Nidirana xiangica Lyu and YY Wang, sp. nov. occurs in Xiangjiang River Basin, while the true Nidirana adenopleura is designated from Taiwan Island, northern Fujian, southern Zhejiang, and central Jiangxi. These three new species can be distinguished from all congeners by significant divergences in the mitochondrial 16S and CO1 genes, differences in advertisement calls, and the combination of multiple characteristics. This work indicates that the current records of Nidirana adenopleura should be of a species complex composed of multiple species and have clarified the true identity of N. adenopleura.
Highlights
The Music frog genus Nidirana Dubois, 1992 was recently reconsidered as a distinct genus based on comprehensive approaches (Lyu et al 2017)
It is worth noting that the frogs previously considered as N. adenopleura from Mt Dayao of Guangxi and Mt Leigong of Guizhou were respectively revealed as two new species, N. yaoica and N. leishanensis, most recently (Lyu et al 2019; Li et al 2019)
The ML and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses resulted in essentially identical topologies and were integrated in Fig. 2, in which the major nodes were sufficiently supported with the bootstrap supports (BS) for maximum likelihood analysis > 75 and the Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) > 0.95
Summary
The Music frog genus Nidirana Dubois, 1992 was recently reconsidered as a distinct genus based on comprehensive approaches (Lyu et al 2017). Among the species in genus Nidirana, N. adenopleura has the widest distribution area and has been reported from Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Guizhou (Fei et al 2009, 2012). In the previous study (Lyu et al 2017), the populations from Taiwan, northern Fujian, Jingning County of Zhejiang, and Mt Jinggang of Jiangxi were confirmed as the same species, which synonymized N. caldwelli Schmidt, 1925 with N. adenopleura. It is worth noting that the frogs previously considered as N. adenopleura from Mt Dayao of Guangxi and Mt Leigong of Guizhou were respectively revealed as two new species, N. yaoica and N. leishanensis, most recently (Lyu et al 2019; Li et al 2019). The exact taxonomic statuses of other N. adenopleura populations from China have not yet be tested
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