Composition of Coffea canephora Varieties from the Western Amazon

Abstract

This research aimed to compare the composition profiles of roasted Coffea canephora varieties (conilon, robusta, and intervarietal hybrids) grown in the Western Amazon. Ten coffees of each variety were evaluated. No difference in the contents of caffeine (1427 to 3364 mg 100 g-1) and kahweol (absence to 25.7 mg 100 g-1) was observed. Hybrid coffees were discriminated from traditional varieties (conilon and robusta) and stood out for their higher content of trigonelline, chlorogenic acids, and total diterpenes (mean values of 613,3791, and 471 mg 100 g-1, respectively), higher cafestol/kahweol ratio (7.6 to 15.0), and higher frequency of kahweol presence. Traditional varieties only differed in cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol contents. Robusta coffees stood out for their lower cafestol content (116 mg 100 g-1), and conilon for their lower 16-O-methylcafestol content (139 mg 100 g-1). Differences between the traditional varieties are smaller than that observed among them and the intervarietal hybrid coffees.